Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD), also known as coronary artery disease (CAD), is defined as a lack of oxygen and decreased or no blood flow to the myocardium resulting from coronary artery disease (CAD), is defined as a lack of oxygen and decreased or no blood flow to the myocardium resulting from coronary artery narrowing or obstruction. IHD may present as an acute coronary syndrome (ACS), which includes unstable angina pectoris and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) associated with ECG changes of either ST-segment elevation (STEMI) or non-ST-segment elevation (NSTEMI). IHD may also present as myocardial infarction (MI) diagnosed by biochemical markers only, chronic stable exertional angina, ischemia without symptoms, or ischemia due to coronary artery vasospasm (variant or Prinzmetal's angina).
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